The 17th Century was that century which lasted from 1601 to 1700 in the Gregorian calendar.
The 17th Century falls into the Early Modern period of Europe and was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the French Grand Siècle dominated by Louis XIV, and the beginning of modern science and philosophy, including the contributions by bloody warfare throughout the century, by the Thirty Years' War, the Great Turkish War, the end of the Dutch Revolt and the English Civil War among others, while European colonization of the Americas began in earnest.
In the east, the 17th Century saw the flowering of the Ottoman, Persian and Mughal empires, the beginning of the Edo period in feudal Japan, and the violent transition from the Ming to the Qing Dynasty in China.
The Scientific Revolution ended in the late 17th century.
Events
1600–1609
- 1600: Giordano Bruno is burned at the stake for heresy in Rome.
- 1600: Battle of Sekigahara in Japan. End of the Warring States period and beginning of the Edo period.
- 1601: Battle of Kinsale, one of the most important battles in Irish history, fought.
- 1601: Michael the Brave (first unificator of Romania), voivode of Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania, is assassinated by the order of the Habsburg general Giorgio Basta at Câmpia Turzii.
- 1601–1603: The Russian famine of 1601–1603 kills perhaps a third of Russia.
- 1602: Dutch East India Company founded. Its success contributes to the Dutch Golden Age.
- 1603: Elizabeth I of England dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland, uniting the crowns of Scotland and England.
- 1603: Tokugawa Ieyasu seizes control of Japan and establishes the Tokugawa Shogunate which rules the country until 1868.
- 1603–1623: After modernizing his army, Abbas I expands the Persian Empire by capturing territory from the Ottomans and the Portuguese.
- 1605: Gunpowder Plot failed in England.
- 1605: The fortresses of Veszprém en Visegrad are retaken by the Ottomans.
- 1606: The Long War between the Ottoman Empire and Austria is ended with the Peace of Zsitvatorok.
- 1606: Captain Willem Janszoon and his crew aboard the Dutch East India Company ship Duyfken becomes the first recorded Europeans to sight and make landfall in Australia.
- 1607: Jamestown, Virginia, is settled as what would become the first permanent English colony in North America.
- 1608: Quebec City founded by Samuel de Champlain in New France (present-day Canada).
- 1609: The Netherlands and Spain agree to a Twelve Years' Truce in the Eighty Years' War.
- 1609: Pedro de Peralta, a later governor of New Mexico, establishes the settlement of Santa Fe.
- 1609: Maximilian of Bavaria establishes the Catholic League.
1610s
- 1610: The Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth army defeats combined Russian- Swedish forces at the Battle of Klushino and conquers Moscow.
- 1613: The Time of Troubles in Russia ends with the establishment of the House of Romanov which rules until 1917.
- 1613–1617: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth is invaded by the Tatars dozens of times.
- 1616: The last remaining Moriscos (Moors who had nominally converted to Christianity) in the Spain are expelled.
- 1616: Shakespeare dies
- 1618: The Bohemian Revolt precipitates the Thirty Years' War which devastates Europe in the years 1618–48.
- 1618: Bethlen Gabor, Prince of Transylvania joins Protestant Rebels.
- 1618: The Manchus start invading China. Their conquest eventually topples the Ming Dynasty.
- 1619: Bethlen Gabor is defeated outside Vienna.
1620s
- 1620: Emperor Ferdinand II defeats the Bohemian rebels in the Battle of White Mountain.
- 1620: The Puritan Pilgrims arrive in the Mayflower at Cape Cod
- 1620–1621: Polish-Ottoman War over Moldavia.
- 1620: Bethlen Gabor allies with the Ottomans and an invasion of Moldavia takes place. The Polish suffer a disaster at Cecora on the River Prut.
- 1621: The Battle of Chocim: Poles and Cossacks under Jan Karol Chodkiewicz defeat the Ottomans.
- 1622: Jamestown massacre: Algonquian natives kill 347 English settlers outside Jamestown, Virginia (1/3 of the colony's population) and burn the Henricus settlement.
- 1624–1642: As chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu centralises power in France.
- 1625: New Amsterdam founded by the Dutch West India Company in North America.
- 1626: St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican completed.
- 1627: Cardinal Richelieu lays siege to Protestant La Rochelle which eventually capitulates.
- 1629: Cardinal Richelieu allies with Swedish Protestant forces in the Thirty Years' War to counter Ferdinand II's expansion.
1630s
- 1631: Mount Vesuvius erupts
- 1632: Battle of Lützen, death of king of Sweden Gustav II Adolf.
- 1633: Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.
- 1634: Battle of Nördlingen results in Catholic victory.
- 1636: Harvard University is founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
- 1639: Naval Battle of the Downs – Republic of the United Provinces fleet decisevely defeats a Spanish fleet in English waters.
- 1639–1651: Wars of the Three Kingdoms, civil wars throughout Scotland, Ireland, and England.
1640s
- 1640: King Charles was compelled to summon Parliament due to the revolt of the Scots.
- 1640–1668: The Portuguese Restoration War led to the end of the Iberian Union.
- 1640: Torture is outlawed in England.
- 1641: The Tokugawa Shogunate institutes Sakoku- foreigners are expelled and no one is allowed to enter or leave Japan.
- 1641: The Irish Rebellion.
- 1641: René Descartes publishes Meditationes de prima philosophia Meditations on First Philosophy.
- 1642: Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman achieves the first recorded European sighting of New Zealand.
- 1642–1649: Civil War in England; Charles I is beheaded by Cromwell
- 1644: The Manchu conquer China ending the Ming Dynasty. The subsequent Qing Dynasty rules until 1912.
- 1644–1674: The Mauritanian Thirty-Year War.
- 1645: The death of Miyamoto Musashi, legendary Japanese Samurai warrior of natural causes.
- 1645–1669: Ottoman war with Venice. The Ottomans invade Crete and capture Canea.
- 1647: Seven-year-old Mehmed IV becomes sultan.
- 1647–1652: The Great Plague of Seville.
- 1648: The Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years' War and the Eighty Years' War and marks the ends of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire as major European powers.
- 1648–1653: Fronde civil war in France.
- 1648–1667: The Deluge wars leave Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in ruins.
- 1648–1669: The Ottomans capture Crete from the Venetians after the Siege of Candia.
- 1649–1653: The Cromwellian conquest of Ireland.
1650s
- 1652: Cape Town founded by the Dutch East India Company in South Africa.
- 1652: Anglo-Dutch Wars begin.
- 1654–1661: Mehmed Köprülü is Grand Vizier.
- 1655–1661: The Northern Wars cement Sweden's rise as a Great Power.
- 1658: After his father Shah Jahan completes the Taj Mahal, his son Aurangzeb deposes him as ruler of the Mughal Empire.
1660s
- 1660: The Commonwealth of England ends and the monarchy is brought back during the English Restoration.
- 1660: Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge founded.
- 1661: Mehmed Köprülü dies and is succeeded by his son Ahmed.
- 1661: The reign of the Kangxi Emperor of China begins.
- 1662: Koxinga captures Taiwan from the Dutch and founds the Kingdom of Tungning which rules until 1683.
- 1662: Jacques Aymar-Vernay, who later reintroduced Dowsing into popular use
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Here at HED, we design and build wheels with exceptional aerodynamic efficiency using the finest materials. Wheels which handle correctly out in the real world.
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Hed Cycling produces the best cycling race wheels available today. Whether you participate in road racing, triathlon, Ironman, or time-trialing, Hed Cycling has the best wheel for ...
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