Adventist Health Studies (AHS) is a series of long-term medical research projects of Loma Linda University with the intent to measure the link between lifestyle, diet, disease and mortality of Seventh-day Adventists.
Due in part to their unique dietary habits, Seventh-day Adventists have a lower risk than other Americans of certain diseases. This provides a special opportunity to answer scientific questions about how diet and other health habits affect the risk of suffering from many chronic diseases.
Two studies on Adventist health involving 24,000 and 34,000 Californian Adventists were conducted over the last 40 years. Although not sponsored by the Adventist church itself, the church is supportive of the studies. These studies have been the subject of significant national media coverage on programs such as ABC News: World News Tonight , Good Morning America and in the National Geographic feature article "Longevity: The Secrets of a Long Life".
There is a third larger ongoing study that includes Adventists throughout the United States and Canada.
Studies
Adventist Mortality Study
The first major study of Adventists begun in 1960, has become known as the Adventist Mortality Study. Consisting of 22,940 California Adventists, it entailed an intensive 5-year follow-up and a more informal 25-year follow-up.
"... Adventist Mortality Study (1960–1965) did indicate that Adventist men lived 6.2 years longer than non-Adventist men in the concurrent American Cancer Society Study and Adventist women had a 3.7-year advantage over their counterparts. These statistics were based on life table analyses."
Specifically, comparing death rates of Adventist compared to other Californians:
- Death rates from from all cancers was 60% lower for Adventist men and 76% lower for Adventist women
- Lung cancer 21% lower
- Colorectal cancer 62% lower
- Breast cancer 85% lower
- Coronary heart disease 66% lower for Adventist men, 98% lower for Adventist women
Adventist Health Study 1 (AHS-1)
An additional study (1974–1988) involved approximately 34,000 Californian Adventists over 25 years of age. Unlike the mortality study, the purpose was to find out which components of the Adventist lifestyle give protection against disease.
The data from the study have been studied for more than a decade and the findings are numerous – linking diet to cancer and coronary heart disease.
Specifically
- On average Adventist men live 7.3 years longer and Adventist women live 4.4 years longer than other Californians.
- Five simple health behaviors promoted by the Seventh-day Adventist Church for more than 100 years (not smoking, eating a plant based diet, eating nuts several times per week, regular exercise and maintaining normal body weight) increase life span up to 10 years.
- Increasing consumption of red and white meat was associated with an increase of colon cancer.
- Eating legumes was protective for colon cancer.
- Eating nuts several times a week reduces the risk of heart attack by up to 50%.
- Eating whole meal bread instead of white bread reduced non-fatal heart attack risk by 45%.
- Drinking 5 or more glasses of water a day may reduce heart disease by 50%.
- Men who had a high consumption of tomatoes reduced their risk of prostate cancer by 40%.
- Drinking soy milk more than once daily may reduce prostate cancer by 70%.
Adventist Health Air Pollution Study (ASHMOG)
This was a sub-study of AHS-1 conducted from 1976 - 2000 which included 6,328 Adventists from California. The study was funded by the Environmental Protection Agency.
The study linked the effects of various indoor and outdoor pollutants with respiratory diseases and lung cancer.
Adventist Health Study 2 (AHS-2)
The current study which began in 2002 with a goal of 125,000 Adventists continues to explore the links between lifestyle, diet and disease among the broader base of Seventh-day Adventists in America and Canada. As of May 2006 it has an enrollment of 96,741.
Dr. Gary Fraser with a team of researchers from the School of Public Health, Loma Linda University is conducting the study which is funded by the National Cancer Institute.
Adventist Religion & Health Study (AHRS)
This sub-study of AHS-2 began in 2006 and is funded by the National Institute on Aging. It is also known as the Biopsychosocial Religion and Health Study (BRHS).
The study has exceeded its goal 10,000 participants with 11,835 subjects as of 2008.
See also
- Adventist Health International
References
- ^ "The Adventist Health Studies". Loma Linda University . http://www.llu.edu/llu/health/about.html . Retrieved 2008-05-31 .
- ^ Buettner, Dan (November 2005). "Longevity: The Secrets of a Long Life". National Geographic Society . http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0511/feature1/index.html . Retrieved 2008-05-31 .
- ^ "The Adventist Health Study: related investigations and future plans". Loma Linda University . http://www.llu.edu/llu/health/future.html . Retrieved 2008-05-31 .
- ^ a b "Religion and Health Study Progress", Adventist Health Studies Report 2008 V : 5, 2008
- ^ "The Adventist Health Study: findings for cancer". Loma Linda University . http://www.llu.edu/llu/health/cancer.html . Retrieved 2008-05-31 .
- ^ "The Adventist Health Study: findings for coronary heart disease". Loma Linda University . http://www.llu.edu/llu/health/heart.html . Retrieved 2008-05-31 .
- ^ "The Adventist Health Study: findings for nuts". Loma Linda University . http://www.llu.edu/llu/health/nuts.html . Retrieved 2008-05-31 .
- ^ "The Adventist Health Studies". Loma Linda University . http://www.llu.edu/llu/health/progress/index.html . Retrieved 2008-05-31 .
- ^ "Religion and Health Study Progress", Adventist Health Studies Report 2008 V : 7, 2008
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