Moscow Metro Map

The Moscow Metro (Russian: Московский метрополитен , Moskovskiy metropoliten ), which spans almost the entire Russian capital, is the world's second most heavily used rapid-transit system. Opened in 1935, it is well known for the ornate design of many of its stations, which contain outstanding examples of socialist realist art.

Description of the Metro

In total, the Moscow Metro has 292.2 km (181.6 mi) of route length, 12 lines and 177 stations; on a normal weekday it carries over 7 million passengers. Passenger traffic is considerably lower on weekends bringing the average daily passenger traffic during the year to 7.0 million passengers per day. The Moscow Metro is a state-owned enterprise.

The system operates according to an enhanced spoke-hub distribution paradigm, with most rail lines running between central Moscow and its suburbs. The Koltsevaya line forms a circular ring that connects the spokes and facilitates passenger movements between lines without having to travel all the way into the central city.

Each line is identified by an alphanumeric index (usually consisting of just a number), a name, and a colour. The voice announcements refer to lines by name, while in colloquial usage they are mostly referred to by colour, except the Kakhovskaya Line (number 11) which has been assigned shade of green similar to that of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line (number 2), Koltsevaya Line (number 5) and Butovskaya Line (number L1). Most lines run radially through the city, except the Koltsevaya Line (number 5), which is a 20-km-long ring connecting all the radial lines and a few smaller lines outside. On all lines, travellers can determine the direction of the train by the gender of the announcer: on the ring line, a male voice indicates clockwise travel, and a female voice counter-clockwise. On the radial lines, travellers heading toward the centre of Moscow will hear male-voiced announcements, and travellers heading away will hear female-voiced announcements. In addition, there is an abundance of signs showing all the stations that can be reached in a given direction.

The system was built almost entirely underground, although some lines (numbers 1, 2 and 4) cross the Moskva River, while line number 1 also crosses the Yauza River by bridge. Fewer than 10% of the stations are at or above the surface level. The surface sections of the Metro include the western part of Filyovskaya Line continuing as Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line between Kievskaya and Molodyozhnaya (eight surface stations), and the Butovskaya Light Metro Line (L1) with 4 elevated stations. The other surface stations are Vykhino, Izmaylovskaya and Vorobyovy Gory (the latter is unique in the world being built into a lower level of a bridge). There are several short surface stretches, including those between the stations Avtozavodskaya and Kolomenskaya (where a new station Technopark is going to be built), and between Tekstilshchiki and Volgogradsky Prospekt.

The Moscow Metro is open from about 5:30 until 1:00 (the opening time may vary at different stations according to first train schedule, but all stations close for entrance simultaneously at 1:00). During rush hours, trains run roughly every 90 seconds on most lines. At other times during the day, they run about every two to three and a half minutes, and every six to ten minutes late at night. As trains are so frequent, there is no timetable available to passengers.

The lines of the Moscow Metro

The colours in the table correspond to the colours of the lines in the map above.

Metro lines

Notes

¹  – Four central stations of Filyovskaya Line – Alexandrovsky Sad (formerly Named after Komintern), Arbatskaya, Smolenskaya and Kiyevskaya – were originally opened in 1935/37, when they were a branch of Sokolnicheskaya Line. Between 1938 and 1953, they were part of Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line. The stations were closed between 1953 and 1958 and then reopened as part of the (new) Filyovskaya Line.

A branch line of Filyovskaya Line is now in operation, as of July, 2009, starting from Alexsandrovsky Sad Station, going on Filyovskaya Line till Kiyevskaya Station, where it departs to stop at the new Vuistavochna Station (in front of the Expo Center, renamed from Delovoy Tsentr or Mezhdunarodnaya Station) and Mezhdunarodnaya Station (in front of Moscow International Business Center, renamed from Moscow City Station).

²  – All the three stations of the Kakhovskaya Line were built in 1969. Initially they were an integral part of the Zamoskovoretskaya Line until 1983, becoming a branch of it until 1995. In 1995, they were split off from the Zamoskovoretskaya Line and used to form the Kakhovskaya Line.

³  – L in L1 does not stand for Light Rail but, somewhat confusingly, for "Light Metro" — lines that are built mainly above-ground and with shorter platforms. These lines, as a result, do not need expensive tunnelling and are supposed to be financially "light". However, "light" and "normal" metro lines use interoperable rolling stock. See Butovskaya Light Metro Line for further explanation.

The Moscow Monorail is a 4.7 km, 6 station monorail line between Timiryazevskaya and VDNKh that opened in January 2008. Before the official opening, the monorail operated in an "excursion mode" since 2004. Trains departed every 20 minutes between 8:00 and 20:05. Tickets cost four times the normal price (50 rubles, ~$2.10). Since 2008 intervals have been shortened and the price is equal to the metro ticket price.

Ticketing

In the Soviet time, the cost of a single journey was 5 kopecks (1/20 of Soviet ruble). The cost of journeys has been steadily rising since 1991. Inflation caused the price to rise considerably to 22 Russian rubles per trip (taking into account the 1998 revaluation of the ruble by a factor of 1000). At the same time, one may get a considerable discount (up to 40%) per journey when buying a ticket with multiple trips.

Tickets are available for a fixed number of journeys, irrespective of the distance travelled and the number of transfers. Monthly and yearly tickets are also available. Once a passenger has entered the Metro system, there are no further ticket checks - one can ride any number of stations and make transfers freely. Fare enforcement takes place entirely at the points of entry.

The Moscow Metro used magnetic cards (contact cards) for tickets with a fixed number of journeys (up to 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 60 and 70 journeys for 30 days from the day of the first journey) until January 2008. As of February 2009 the cost of 1 ride is 22 rubles (69 US cents); there are small discounts starting with 5-ride cards. Magnetic cards were introduced in 1993 as a test and were used as unlimited tickets between 1996 and 1998. The sale of magnetic cards stopped 16 January 2008. In January 2007, Moscow Metro began replacing magnetic cards with fixed number of journeys by contactless cards. Smartcards have been used in Moscow Metro since 1998 and are called Transport Cards. Transport Cards were available as 'unlimited' and 'social' tickets. The unlimited card can be programmed for 30, 90, and 365 days. The social cards are free for elderly people (who are officially registered as residents of Moscow city or Moscow region) and some privileged categories of citizens; they are available to school pupils and students at a heavily reduced price (255 rubles (about $US 8 for a month of unlimited usage). Contactless cards are available in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 60 journeys denominations.

The Moscow Metro became the first metro system in Europe to fully implement smartcards on September 1, 1998. The sale of tokens ended on 1 January 1999 and they stopped being accepted in February 1999. Magnetic cards stopped being accepted in late 2008, making Moscow metro world's first major public transport system to run fully on contactless automatic fare collection system based on Philips NXP MIFARE technology.. Bank cards of banking partners are also being accepted by turnstiles since December 2008.

Fares for a single trip, 1935-2009

1. 15.05.1935 — 50 kopecks
2. 01.08.1935 — 40 kopecks (with season ticket — 35 kopecks )
3. 01.10.1935 — 30 kopecks (with season ticket — 25 kopecks)
4. 31.05.1942 — 40 kopecks
5. 16.08.1948 — 50 kopecks*
6. 01.01.1961 — 5 kopecks (revaluation)
7. 02.04.1991 — 15 kopecks
8. 01.03.1992 — 50 kopecks
9. 24.06.1992 — 1 ruble
10. 01.12.1992 — 3 rubles
11. 16.02.1993 — 6 rubles
12. 25.06.1993 — 10 rubles
13. 15.10.1993 — 30 rubles
14. 01.01.1994 — 50 rubles
15. 18.03.1994 — 100 rubles
16. 23.06.1994 — 150 rubles
17. 21.09.1994 — 250 rubles
18. 20.12.1994 — 400 rubles
19. 20.03.1995 — 600 rubles
20. 21.07.1995 — 800 rubles
21. 20.09.1995 — 1000 rubles
22. 21.12.1995 — 1500 rubles
23. 11.06.1997 — 2000 rubles
24. 01.01.1998 — 2 rubles (revaluation)
25. 01.09.1998 — 3 rubles
26. 01.01.1999 — 4 rubles
27. 15.07.2000 — 5 rubles
28. 01.10.2002 — 7 rubles
29. 01.04.2004 — 10 rubles

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