Texas Glasses

LCD shutter glasses are glasses used in conjunction with a display screen to create the illusion of a three dimensional image, an example of stereoscopy. Glass containing liquid crystal and a polarizing filter has the property that it becomes dark when voltage is applied, but otherwise is transparent. The glasses alternately darken over one eye, and then the other, in synchronization with the refresh rate of the screen, while the display alternately displays different perspectives for each eye, using a technique called Alternate-frame sequencing.

Advantages

LCD shutter glasses mostly eliminate "ghosting" which is a problem with other 3D display technologies such as Anaglyph.

LCD shutter glasses are relatively inexpensive, with models available for around $100.

Disadvantages

Flicker can be noticeable except at very high refresh rates, as each eye is effectively receiving only half of the monitor's actual refresh rate.

Until recently, the method only worked with CRT monitors; some modern flat-panel monitors now support high enough refresh rates to work with some LCD shutter systems .

Because the LCD shutter glasses are shutting out light half of the time, and are slightly dark even when letting light through, less light reaches the viewers eyes from the display. This gives an effect similar to watching TV with sunglasses on, i.e. a much darker picture.

Compatible DLP hardware

DLP TV

In early 2007, Texas Instruments enabled 3-D video processing in its DLP TV product offerings to its customers. TV producers such as Samsung and Mitsubishi have since then introduced the first DLP 3-D Ready TVs. Texas Instruments has introduced the first 3-D-capable television solutions to its OEMs for 2007 consumer electronics televisions. These solutions utilize the inherent speed advantage of the Digital Micro-mirror Device (DMD) to generate the left and right views required for stereoscopic imaging. Combining this with high quality shutter glasses, similar to those used in theatrical exhibition, the user will be able to experience a high quality high definition 3-D image on their DLP television set. The foundation for DLP 3-D HDTV is found in the SmoothPicture algorithm. DLP 3-D Technology utilizes the SmoothPicture subframes to generate independent views for the left and right eyes. A signal is generated for each subframe and transmitted optically to the LCD shutter glasses that are worn by the viewer. The LCD shutter glasses will process the signal and will control the shutter for each eye to ensure that the correct left and right views are displayed to the correct eye. There are many advantages inherent in using this approach to generating stereoscopic images:

1. One technical hurdle in achieving cost effective stereoscopic displays is that stereoscopic displays require two times the imaging bandwidth of the standard 2-D displays. For a 1080p television set, this means that two 1080p input streams are required. Current solutions to this hurdle are to either cut the horizontal resolution by 50% or cut the vertical resolution by 50%. Using these solutions allows for the transmission of two images using the currently available bandwidth but sacrifices either the horizontal or vertical resolution of the image. The solution created by Texas Instruments maintains both the vertical and the horizontal resolution. This solution thus produces the highest quality and highest resolution displays available for stereoscopic viewing.
2. Most TV display systems contain an On Screen Display (OSD) menu system. The OSD menu provides the user a feedback mechanism in situations where the user adjusts various parameters such as screen brightness and audio volume. It is desirable for this menu system to work when the system is in 3-D mode. The easiest way to achieve this is to display the menu at 0 depth (so it appears 2-D). With some of the other formats, this requires placing the menu into two separate video streams adding complexity to the TV electronics design. With the offset sampling scheme used by Texas Instruments, OSD menus can be added to the stereo image using the same method as is used for a standard 2-D image. As such, significant system redesign cost can be avoided.
3. By utilizing the SmoothPicture architecture, Texas Instruments is able to supply a 3-D-capable display with little additional electronic cost. The main cost to this solution is a modest cost in the eyewear. As such, consumers can purchase a 3-D Ready television for the same price as the traditional 2-D television. They can then choose to purchase the eyewear with the television or upgrade at a later time. DLP 3-D Image Format the DLP 3-D Image format makes use of how the DLP SmoothPicture algorithm displays an image onto the screen. The left and right images are sampled using the native offset diagonal sampling format of the DMD. The two views are then overlaid and appear as a left and right checkerboard pattern in a conventional orthogonal sampled image. This format preserves the horizontal and vertical resolution of the left and right views providing the viewer with the highest quality image possible with the available bandwidth.

3D PDP

Matsushita Electric( Panasonic) prototyped the "3D Full-HD Plasma Theater System," which can provide three-dimensional viewing experience of HDTV video. The system is a combination of a 103-inch PDP TV, a Blu-ray Disc player and shutter glasses.The company set up a special studio to exhibit the prototype system at CEATEC JAPAN 2008. The company is reportedly planning to submit technical specifications for storing 3D images in Blu-ray Disc media to the Blu-ray Disc Association. The schedule for the commercialization has yet to be decided. The new system supplies 60 fields per second 1920 x 1080 interlace images for both right and left eyes. Panasonic stored the image data into a 50-Gbyte Blu-ray disc. The system employs the MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 image compression format.

Samsung Electronics launched its 3D Ready PDP TV 'PAVV Cannes 450' in Korea market, which features 1,000,000:1 contrast ratio and 3D content support. Samsung boasts that it can support 1,000,000:1 mega-contrast ratio. Users can enjoy 3D games or movies with the Cannes 450, when they first connect the TV to high performance PC supporting 3D software and then wear compatible 3D shutter glasses.

Compatible LCD hardware

Liquid crystal displays have traditionally been slow to change from one polarization state to another. Users of early 1990s laptops are familiar with the smearing and blurring that occurs when something moves too fast for the LCD to keep up. This smearing can result in a completely unviewable image when using shutter glasses.

LCD technology is not usually rated by frames per second but rather the time it takes to transition from darkness to brightness and back to darkness, in milliseconds. In order to achieve an equivalent minimum refresh rate of 120 Hz, an LCD must be able to transition at a speed of not more than 8.33 ms.

However because pixel transition speed has become a strong selling point of LCD monitors, marketing hype has unfortunately obscured these speed-of-transition specifications with tortuous qualifying statements that make inadequate technology appear to be better than it really is (see PMPO for another example of such marketing distortions). While the average person attempting to buy a high quality LCD for normal home use might not notice these minor performance differences, a slowly transitioning LCD can have a severely negative impact on usability with shutter glasses. For stereoscopic applications, it is important that the LCD be truly capable of what is being claimed.

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