This page links to several topics related to transport in Europe .
Transport in Europe is the most advanced in the world. It caters to over half a billion people. The continent is home to some of the world's largest airlines, the largest ports and the fastest trains on the planet. Rotterdam Europort is one of the busiest ports in the world; the value of the goods passing in and out of the port every day is worth more than the budget of most countries. Heathrow Airport, London is the busiest airport in the world by number of international passengers (third busiest overall). Europe also houses the world's fastest train, the TGV, operated in France, can bring people all over the country, from the Alps to the Côte d'Azur. The Channel Tunnel connects the United Kingdom with France and Belgium, and thus to the whole of the European rail system, and is considered one of the seven wonders of the modern world. The European road system is made up of various expressways and motorways that run through every major European country (and almost all minor) from Ireland to Romania.
Rail transport
Main article: Rail transport in EuropeIn the European rail network, various voltages both AC and DC are used. In all European countries, standard gauge is the most important rail gauge except for Russia, Finland and the ex-Soviet satellites.
The Eurail Pass is a rail pass for 18 European countries; it is only available for persons who do not live in Europe, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.
Inter Rail passes are for people living in Europe and surrounding countries.
Road traffic
- See European routes for more information about the European highway network.
- In the UK, Ireland, Malta and Cyprus, traffic drives on the left. In the rest of Europe, traffic mainly drives on the right with a few rare exceptions for certain stretches of motorway or a small country road.
- Vignette is a road tax charge for vehicles in some European countries.
Despite marked improvements since 1990, emissions from road transport continue to be the main source of health-damaging air pollutants, according to a 2008 report by the European Environment Agency (EEA).
The report shows that road transport remains the single most important source of sulphur oxides (SOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) in the EU-27.
It is also the second-most important source, behind the construction and residential sector, of fine particulate emissions (PM10 and PM2.5), which can cause respiratory diseases in humans.
Air transport
Air transport is very fast, but on shorter distances, passengers may spend more time on the way to and from the airports, at checking-in and baggage reclaim than on the flight itself. Air travel also consumes much fuel and causes pollution and noise problems.
It used to be very expensive, with regular flights only linking major cities, but in the last decade this has changed with the advent of low cost carriers. Today, air transportation is often by far the cheapest way of travelling between cities. Also, because regional airports generally levy far less taxes and fees, this has mainly resulted in smaller cities, close enough to large cities, being linked to one another, not only serving the smaller cities, but the large ones, maybe 100 kilometres away, as well. Ryanair is especially noted for this, since it primarily flies out of regional airports up to 150 kilometres away from the city it has said to serve. A primary example of this is the Weeze-Skavsta flight, where Weeze mainly serves the Nijmegen/Kleve area, while Skavsta serves Nykoping/Oxelosund. Ryanair however, markets this flight as Düsseldorf-Stockholm, which are both 80-90 kilometres away from these airports, resulting in up to four hours of ground transportation just to get to and from the airport.
The result is, while air travel may be the cheapest way of travelling through Europe, especially on distances shorter than 500 kilometres, it is often not the fastest way.
Sea and river transport
- can transport many passengers and large quantities of goods
- are slow.
At the present, oil is transported in very big tankers. This can be dangerous in cases of accidents, when the ship has a leak and all the oil runs out into the sea.
See also
- Clean Urban Transport for Europe
- Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
- Emission standard
- Energy in the European Union
- Environment in the European Union
- European Car of the Year
- European Climate Change Programme
- European Federation for Transport and Environment
- European vehicle registration plates
- International E-road network
- Transportation by country
- Trans-European Networks
- UNECE vehicle standards.
- Jacques Barrot, Vice-President of the European Commission, in charge of transport.
References
- ^ Seven wonders of the modern world
- ^ EEA Emission inventory report 2008
External links
- Common Transport Policy and European transport, European Commission.
- Worldwide official website for Eurail Passes (non-European).
- Worldwide official website for InterRail Passes (European).
- European Transport Networks: MAP OF THE 30 PRIORITY AXES AND PROJECTS.
- Railways in Europe (with emphasis on interoperability and border crossings)
- European waterways
- Rail Choice, UK provider of a vast number of different railpasses covering Europe, USA, Japan and Australasia.
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