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Aqua Detox
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua_Detox The change of the color of the dielectricum, i.e. the aqueous solution surrounding the electrodes, is based on the electrochemical reaction mostly at the anode ], and only to a minor part based on the body fluids from the pores of the skin. If one takes an electrode made out of V2A steel (CrNi177) the anode will release cationics such as Cr-III, Cr-VI, Ni-II, and Fe-II/Fe-III into the dielectricum. Most sorts of V2A steel are composed of iron (up to 80 -90 %w/w,) chromium (up to 20% w/w), nickel (up to 6 % w/w) and always 1 % w/w of unknown material. Since we always have a scrifice electrode in galvanic electrochemical reactions, all that material will dissolve the longer the electrolytic procedure will last. The ions of the anode (positive) are reacting with the hydroxyl ions of the water resulting in the precipitation of colored material. The color of Cr(OH)3 (chrom-hydroxyde) , is light green, of Ni(OH)2 (nickel-hydroxyde) is green dark, of Fe(OH)3 (iron-hydroxyde) is brown, of Zn (OH)2 (zinc-hydroxyde) is white. Since iron is the major part of the material of the electrodes, the color of the bath will be dark. If one takes an electrode made out of titanium or platinium, no change of the color will be observed because both metals are hight positive in the electrochemical scale, and thus mostly stable to oxydation at the anode. In addition one should put a warning on the use of the V2A steel electrodes in medical products exposed to electrical current. Chromium and nickel are regarded as highly harmfull, they are the cause of allergic skin reactions. In addition both metalls are the cause of cancer, which is a well known fact from occupational health and work medicine. At the work place those ions such as chromium and nickel are banned from getting in contact with the skin (allergic skin reaction, like the latex reaction) of the workes. Workers must wear protective clothes (in galvanic industry), ventilation must be placed over the chromium / nickel bath, a yearly check on the concentration of nickel and chromium must be done (no more than 50 microgram Ni or Cr per cubicmeter of air is allowed, due to regulations of the european union). And now we are discussiong a medical / therapeutic procedure, releasing cancer compounds into a solution, where hands and feets of users are placed. In addition it has been shown that chromium and nickel are absorbed from the bath thru the skin. 6-10 hours after having used the V2A steel electrode one will find a tsunami of chromium and nickel in the urine, i.e. chromium up to 16 microgram per gram creatinine and nickel up to 25 microgram per gram creatinine, and copper was 100 microgram per gram creatinine. This was published by the swiss based company “Body Detox AG” in German language in the internet (www.file://localhost/C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Safetec%20GmbH/Eigene%20Dateien/Body-Detox/Margaretas%20Studie.pdf) , as a documention of “detoxification” of heavy metals. Surprising, if the same patients were using the platinium electrode, all of the sudden, no chromium and nickel was found in the urine. In contrast workers in galvanic industry having been exposed to chromium, nickel thru protective close over an 8 – hour - work – shift do not have more than 1 – 5 microgram of each of those elements in the urine. Robi123 09:23, 26 April 2007 (UTC)
References from Stephen Barrett's December 28, 2004 Article
- Research for Aqua Detox. Aqua Detox International Web site, accessed Dec 27, 2004.
- Miracle Beauty home page, accessed Dec 27, 2004.
- American Cancer Society. Questionable methods of cancer management: Electronic devices. CA—A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 44:115-127, 1994.
- Harris G. A detox to make your toes curl. Daily Telegraph, June 6, 2003.
- Mary Staggs. Biographical information on Contact Reflex Analysis and Nutritional research Foundation Web site, accessed Dec 27, 2004.
- Girvan R. Dodgy detox. Apothecary's Drawer Weblog, May 28, 2004.
- Goldacre B. Rusty results. Guardian Unlimited, Sept 2, 2004.
- Retrieved from devicewatch on 2007-May-02. Could be mined to confirm Barrett's interpretation and further expand article. Jethero Talk 03:52, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
FDA
As of may 2007, searching for 'aqua detox' or 'ioncleanse' at the FDA returns only 1 irrelevant document.
IICT modality List
- Australia's The International Institute for Complementary Therapists, or IICT, has this device ('Aqua Detox Medical Unit'
and 'Aqua Detox')on their 2007 list of "Current list of Modalities Welcomed for Membership with the IICT and approved by OAMPS Insurance Brokers on behalf of VERO (as from May 2007)" here Jethero Talk 04:46, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Aqua Detox
Hi
this the new edition with certain references incorporated, if you need more, just mark it, where you would like to have them, we have tons of it, the internetlink works now, hope so. We think the artricle needs formation, in order to be quickly readable? The chemical reactions are of major importance in order to understand what s going on. Can somebody put them in a readable order? In addition a technical description should be given for spa bath, and where it is used by the public, so that the reader can find it easily in the wikipedia.
Spa bath See also Aqua detox, Body Detox, Foot Detox Spa, Bio Detox, Bio-Sync Detox, Platinum Detox, ionSpa, Mary Staggs Ionic Spa, Water Detox, Bionic HydroTherapy, Baby-D Foot Spa, IonCleanse, Hydra Detox, Energy Balancer Detox Footbath, Aqua-Chi, Emerald Detox, Bio-Cleanse, Q2 Energy Spa, Ionic Detox Box, Pure-Charge Energetic Spa, P.E.P. Body Purge, PediTox, is a procedure based on galvanic DC circuit, employed also in stangerbad (ref-8) , and iontophoresis thru an array of stainless steel, or another electrical conductor. The array is covered with water containing salts in order to perform the electrolysis while hands or arms of the user are placed around the array. On DC circuit the array releases oxygen, hydrogen and metallic ions in statu nascendi which are getting in contact with the skin of the user. Spa bath is used by “healing centers” and lay persons for treatment of dysfunctions of the body. It is partly advertised misleadingly for medical treatment of diseases without having presented any scientific proof up to date. For recent publications on spa baths see under aqua detox and ref-25, ref-26 of this article. In order to understand the impact of the spa bath on the human body it is necessary to understand the basic electrochemical and biochemical reactions emerging from the electrodes of the array. Those reactions can be taken from any book on electrochemistry. Most of the spa baths are empolying a stainless steel array, therefor we are concentrating on that array.
I.)Physico-Chemical Reactions at the Electrodes under DC Circuit (ref-25)'
Most spa baths are using arrays are composed of surgical steel (V2A, stainless steel, or CrNi177 steel). Stainless steel is a good conductor, has a low degree of electric resistance, is chemically inert material, i.e. free of auto-oxydation due to passivation, and is a well known material in medicine and household. Most sorts of V2A steel are composed of iron (up to 80 -90 %w/w,) chromium (up to 20% w/w), nickel (up to 6 % w/w), manganese (up to 2% w/w) and always 1 % w/w of elements, not determined by chemical analysis (ref-25). The stainless steel array of the spa bath is operated on low voltage DC circuit (12 volts, 2 ampere, concuctivity up to 1.1 mS, temperature of the spa bat : 30 - 35 degrees Celsius), resulting in a process of galvanatised electrolysis. In medical electrotheray “galvanic” means “direct current” circuit (DC). In electrochemical reactions we have a positively charged anode and a negatively charged kathode, wherein the anode is also known as sacrificial anode. Sacrificial anode means that during the operation of the spa bath the anodic loss of stainless steel material will account for chromium by approx. 200 mg and nickel by 60 mg (total weight of the array 100 gram, i.e. 1 m length, diameter of 3 mm, duration of operation of 30 min, 12 volt, up to 2 ampere). Under DC circuit operation of the spa bath, there are several physico-chemical reactions which have to be recognised in order to understand any effect of the spa bath on the human body, which are in brief:
(1) diffusion of ions of the spa bath (e.g. sodium and chloride) to the counter charged electrode, e.g. negatively charged ions of the solution will diffuse to the positively charged anode;
(2) liberation of positively charged metallic ions from the sacrificial anode into the solution of the spa bath, such as chromium-III, nickel-II, manganese-II, iron-III;
(3) reaction of ions of the solution (in general water, and sodium chloride) with the surface of the s
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