Home Insurance Building Uk

The Home Insurance Building was built in 1884 in Chicago, Illinois, USA and demolished in 1931 to make way for the Field Building (now the LaSalle National Bank Building). It was the first building to use structural steel in its frame, but the majority of its structure was composed of cast and wrought iron. It is generally noted as the first tall building to be supported, both inside and outside, by a fireproof metal frame. However, this may not be entirely correct as Ditherington Flax Mill was built as a fireproof metal framed building in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England, UK, 88 years earlier in 1796, it is as tall as a modern five story building, and is still standing today. Oriel Chambers, 1864, in Liverpool, England, was the first 100% metal framed glass curtain walled building. Before the invention of the elevator, it being only 5 floors high.

Due to the Chicago building's unique architecture and unique weight bearing frame, it is considered to be the first skyscraper in the world. It had 10 stories and rose to a height of 138 feet (42 m). In 1890, two additional floors were built on top of the original 10-story building. A forensic analysis done during its demolition purported to show that the building was the first to carry both floors and external walls entirely on its metal frame, but details and later scholarship have largely disproved this, and it has been shown that the structure must have relied upon both metal and masonry elements to support its weight, and to hold it up against wind. Although the Home Insurance Building made full use of steel framing technology, it was not a pure steel-framed structure since it rested partly on granite piers at the base and on a rear brick wall.

The architect was William Le Baron Jenney, an engineer. In fact, the building weighed only one-third as much as a stone building would have; city officials were so concerned that they halted construction while they investigated its safety. The Home Insurance Building is an example of the Chicago School in architecture. The building led to the future in the skyscrapers. “In 1888, a Minneapolis architect named Leroy S. Buffington was granted a patent on the idea of building skeletal-frame tall buildings. He even proposed the construction of a 28-story "stratosphere-scraper"--a notion mocked by the architectural press of the time as impractical and ludicrous.Nevertheless, Buffington brought the potential of the iron skeletal frame to the attention of the national architectural and building communities. Architects and engineers began using the idea, which in primitive form had been around for decades.”

The Bank of America Building (former Field Building and then Lasalle Bank Building), where the Home Insurance Building once stood, contains a plaque in the lobby that reads:

References

1. ^ Home Insurance Building, Chicago / Emporis.com
2. ^
3. ^ *History, narrative, and statistics'; Chicago Architecture Info
4. ^ The first skyscraper - new theory that Home Insurance Building was not the first | Science News | Find Articles at BNET

Other References

• 1885 First Skyscraper , Chicago Public Library (Archive copy at the Internet Archive)
• Theodore Turak, William Le Baron Jenney: A Pioneer in Modern Architecture , Ann Arbor, Michigan: UMI Research Press, 1986
• Carl Condit, The Chicago School of Architecture , The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1964

See also

• Chicago architecture

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